Test your understanding of the Summarizing metacognitive reading strategy
Learning Objectives:
Overview:
Our next metacognitive reading strategy is summarizing what you've read. This is a powerful way to improve overall comprehension of text.
The ability to summarize information requires readers to sift through large units of text, figure out what's important, and then create a new text that reflects only the important information. This is a difficult task. When you do it, you are practicing and strengthening the toughest comprehension skills.
Today, we'll discuss three steps for summarizing effectively:
Gathering Metadata:
The first step in effective summarizing is to gather as much metadata as you can about the text. This means getting information about the nature and structure of the text. Before you start summarizing, you will want to know:
You will also need to think about the levels of this text. You should be gathering information about:
Sifting:
The next step is to sort the information so that you know what's most important. The most effective way to do this is to consider what is the main idea and what is supporting details.
You'll need to consider what each sentence is trying to accomplish. You can ask yourself questions like:
Once you've separated the main idea from the supporting details, decide which of those are key details, ones that are best at supporting the main idea. You also want to set aside details that are less important.
In Your Own Words:
The hardest part of summarizing is putting ideas into your own words. However, this is also the most rewarding part of the process, as it creates new neural-pathways and greatly assists with your comprehension of a text.
Miles seemed to sense that she was watching him. He looked up from the bait jar and his eyes, returning her gaze, were soft. "Remember I told you I had two children?" he asked. "Well, one of 'em was a girl. I took her fishing, too." His face clouded then, and he shook his head. "Her name was Anna. Lord, how sweet she was, that child! It's queer to think she'd be close to eighty now, if she's even still alive. And my son—he'd be eighty-two."
Winnie looked at his young, strong face, and after a moment she said, "Why didn't you take them to the spring and give them some of the special water?"
"Well, of course, we didn't realize about the spring while we was still on the farm," said Miles. "Afterwards, I thought about going to find them. I wanted to, heaven knows. But, Winnie, how'd it have been if I had? My wife was nearly forty by then. And the children—well, what was the use? They'd have been near growed theirselves. They'd have had a pa close to the same age *they* was. No, it'd all have been so mixed up and peculiar, it just wouldn't have worked. Then Pa, he was dead-set against it, anyway. The fewer people know about the spring, he says, the fewer there are to tell about it. Here—here's your pole. Just ease the hook down in the water. You'll know when you get a bite."
Winnie clutched her pole, sitting sidewise in the stern, and watched the baited hook sink slowly down. A dragonfly, a brilliant blue jewel, darted up and paused over the lily pads, then swung up and away. From the nearest bank, a bullfrog spoke.
"There certainly are a lot of frogs around here," Winnie observed.
"That's so," said Miles. "They'll keep coming, too, long as the turtles stay away. Snappers, now, they'll eat a frog soon as look at him."
Winnie thought about this peril to the frogs, and sighed. "It'd be nice," she said, "if nothing ever had to die."
"Well, now, I don't know," said Miles. "If you think on it, you come to see there'd be so many creatures, including people, we'd all be squeezed in right up next to each other before long."
Winnie squinted at her fishing line and tried to picture a teeming world. "Mmm," she said, "yes, I guess you're right."
Suddenly the cane pole jerked in her hands and bent into an arch, its tip dragged down nearly to the water's surface. Winnie held on tight to the handle, her eyes wide.
"Hey!" cried Miles. "Look there! You got a bite. Fresh trout for breakfast, Winnie."
But just as suddenly the pole whipped straight again and the line went slack. "Shucks," said Miles. "It got away."
"I'm kind of glad," Winnie admitted, easing her rigid grip on the butt of the pole. "*You* fish, Miles. I'm not so sure I want to."